Scanning Electron Microscope Study of Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner, 1862) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) I. Structures with Parasitic and Possible Taxonomic Meaning

The larval development of Wohlfahrtia magnifica (the most important dipteran causing sheep myiasis in the Palearctic region) has been studied by means of scanning electron microscopy. The ultrastructure of mouth-hooks, oral ridges, labial lobes, body spines and anterior and posterior peritremes is described for the first time. Their possible adaptations to a parasitic lifeway are also discussed. Thus, the use of new structures in the Sarcophagidae taxonomy is proposed from the point of view of their ultrastructure and adaptative morphology

Estado oxidativo de cuerpos lúteos maduros y regresivos en bovinos

Márquez, Y.C.; Márquez, A.; Fuentes, M.; Salas, Y.; López–Ortega, A.: Estado oxidativo de cuerpos lúteos maduros y regresivos en bovinos. Rev. vet. 22: 1, 25–31, 2011. Palabras clave: bovino, cuerpo lúteo, estrés oxidativo

Pattern recognition applying LDA and LR to optoelectronic signals of optical scanning systems

[ES] Este artículo da seguimiento a previas experimentaciones actualmente publicadas acerca de la minimización de ruido ópticoeléctrico en los sistemas de barrido óptico OSS (en inglés, Optical Scanning Systems), implementando técnicas computacionales para el reconocimiento de los patrones que se generan de cada fuente de referencia y que son utilizadas para indicar una coordenada que el OSS monitoreará. Técnicas como análisis linear discriminante LDA (en inglés, Linear Discriminant Analysis) y regresión lineal LR (en inglés, Linear Regression) fueron implementadas para discriminar las señales causadas por otras fuentes distintas a las de referencia. Para aumentar la eficiencia de estos modelos fueron implementados codificación predictiva lineal LPC (en inglés, Linear Predictive Coding) y Cuantiles como extractores de características. Los resultados fueron alentadores con tasas de reconocimiento mayores al 91.2 %, alcanzando en algunos casos una exactitud del 100 %.[EN] This paper is a follow-up to previous researches already published regarding the minimization of optical-electrical noise in optical scanning systems OSS, by the implementation of computational techniques for pattern recognition generated by each reference source used to indicate a coordinate that the OSS will be monitoring. Techniques such as linear discriminant analysis LDA and linear regression LR were implemented in order to discriminate the signals caused by other sources different to the references. In order to enhance the efficiency of these models was implemented linear predictive coding LPC and quantiles as features extractors. The results were encouraging with rates of recognition greater than 91.2 %, reaching in some cases an accuracy of 100 %.Miranda-Vega, JE.; Rivas-López, M.; Flores-Fuentes, W.; Sergiyenko, O.; Lindner, L.; Rodríguez-Quiñonez, JC. (2020). Reconocimiento de patrones aplicando LDA y LR a señales optoelectrónicas de sistemas de barrido óptico. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática industrial. 17(4):401-411. https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2020.12385OJS401411174Brooks, D. R., Mims III, F. M., 2001. Development of an inexpensive handheld led-based sun photometer for the globe program. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 106 (D5), 4733-4740. https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900545Cervantes, J., Taltempa, J., Lamont, F. G., Castilla, J. S. R., Rendon, A. Y., Jali- li, L. D., 2017. Análisis comparativo de las técnicas utilizadas en un sistema de reconocimiento de hojas de planta. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática industrial 14 (1), 104-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riai.2016.09.005Cheng, P., John, W., Zheng, W., 2002. Large structure health dynamic monito- ring using gps technology. In: FIG XXII International Congress, Washing- ton, DC USA. pp. 1-10.Dave, N., 2013. Feature extraction methods lpc, plp and mfcc in speech recog- nition. International journal for advance research in engineering and techno- logy 1 (6), 1-4.Di Sante, R., 2015. Fibre optic sensors for structural health monitoring of aircraft composite structures: Recent advances and applications. Sensors 15 (8), 18666-18713. https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/8/18666 , https://doi.org/10.3390/s150818666Doebling, S., Farrar, C., Prime, M., Shevitz, D., 5 1996. Damage identification and health monitoring of structural and mechanical systems from changes in their vibration characteristics: A literature review. Report. https://doi.org/10.2172/249299Feng, D., Feng, M. Q., 2017. Experimental validation of cost-effective vision- based structural health monitoring. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 88, 199-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2016.11.021Flores-Fuentes, W., López, M., Sergiyenko, O., González-Navarro, F. F., Rivera-Castillo, J., Hernandez-Balbuena, D., Rodríguez-Quiñonez, J., 2014. Combined application of power spectrum centroid and support vector ma- chines for measurement improvement in optical scanning systems. Signal Processing 98, 37-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2013.11.008Flores-Fuentes, W., Miranda-Vega, J. E., Rivas-López, M., Sergiyenko, O., Rodríguez-Quiñonez, J. C., Lindner, L., 2018. Comparison between different types of sensors used in the real operational environment based on optical scanning system. Sensors 18 (6). https://doi.org/10.3390/s18061684Jayalakshmi, T., Santhakumaran, A., 2011. Statistical normalization and back propagation for classification. International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering 3 (1), 1793-8201. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJCTE.2011.V3.288Jo, H., Sim, S.-H., Tatkowski, A., Spencer Jr, B., Nelson, M. E., 2013. Feasibility of displacement monitoring using low-cost gps receivers. Structural Control and Health Monitoring 20 (9), 1240-1254. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.1532Jung, H. K., Park, G., 2018. Integrating passive-and active-sensing techniques using an l-shaped sensor array for impact and damage localization. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 29 (17), 3436-3443. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X17733059Lindner, L., Sergiyenko, O., Rodríguez-Quiñonez, J. C., Rivas-Lopez, M., Hernandez-Balbuena, D., Flores-Fuentes, W., Murrieta-Rico, F. N., Tyrsa, V., 2016. Mobile robot vision system using continuous laser scanning for industrial application. Industrial Robot: An International Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/IR-01-2016-0048Mims, F. M., Dec 2000. Solar radiometer with light-emitting diodes as spectrally-selective detectors. Appl. Opt. 39 (34), 6517-6518. http://ao.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-39-34-6517, https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.39.006517Miranda-Vega, J. E., Rivas-Lopez, M., Flores-Fuentes, W., Sergiyenko, O., Lindner, L., Rodríguez-Quiñonez, J. C., 2019. Implementación digital de filtros fir para la minimización del ruido óptico y optoelectrónico de un sistema de barrido óptico. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática industrial 16, 344-357. https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2019.10210Rivera-Castillo, J., Flores-Fuentes, W., Rivas-Lopez, M., Sergiyenko, O., Gonzalez-Navarro, F. F., Rodríguez-Quiñonez, J. C., Hernandez-Balbuena, D., Lindner, L., Básaca-Preciado, L. C., 2017. Experimental image and range scanner datasets fusion in shm for displacement detection. Structural Control and Health Monitoring 24 (10), e1967. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.1967Sergiyenko, O., Hernandez, W., Tyrsa, V., Cruz, L. F. D., Starostenko, O., Peña-Cabrera, M., 2009. Remote sensor for spatial measurements by using optical scanning. Sensors 9 (7), 5477-5492. https://doi.org/10.3390/s90705477Van der Auweraer, H., Peeters, B., 2003. Sensors and systems for structural health monitoring. Journal of Structural Control 10(2), 117-125. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.196710.1002/stc.21X.Ba, Q.Pan, B.Ju, Z.Feng, 2017. Ultrafast displacement actuation of piezo- electric stacks with time-sequence. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 64, 2955-2961. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.196710.1109/TIE.2016.263111

Horizontal flow fields observed in Hinode G-band images II. Flow fields in the final stages of sunspot decay

We present a subset of multi-wavelengths observations obtained with the Japanese Hinode mission, the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), and the Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT) at Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, Spain during the time period from 2010 November 18-23. Horizontal proper motions were derived from G-band and Ca II H images, whereas line-of-sight velocities were extracted from VTT Echelle H-alpha 656.28 nm spectra and Fe I 630.25 nm spectral data of the Hinode/Spectro-Polarimeter, which also provided three-dimensional magnetic field information. The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board SDO provided continuum images and line-of-sight magnetograms as context for the high-resolution observations for the entire disk passage of the active region. We have performed a quantitative study of photospheric and chromospheric flow fields in and around decaying sunspots. In one of the trailing sunspots of active region NOAA 11126, we observed moat flow and moving magnetic features (MMFs), even after its penumbra had decayed. We also noticed a superpenumbral structure around this pore. MMFs follow well-defined, radial paths from the spot all the way to the border of a supergranular cell surrounding the spot. In contrast, flux emergence near the other sunspot prevented it from establishing such well ordered flow patterns, which could even be observed around a tiny pore of just 2 Mm diameter. After the disappearance of the sunspots/pores a coherent patch of abnormal granulation remained at their location, which was characterized by more uniform horizontal proper motions, low divergence values, and diminished photospheric Doppler velocities. This region, thus, differs significantly from granulation and other areas covered by G-band bright points. We conclude that this peculiar flow pattern is a signature of sunspot decay and the dispersal of magnetic flux.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic

Evolution and Flare Activity of Delta-Sunspots in Cycle 23

The emergence and magnetic evolution of solar active regions (ARs) of beta-gamma-delta type, which are known to be highly flare-productive, were studied with the SOHO/MDI data in Cycle 23. We selected 31 ARs that can be observed from their birth phase, as unbiased samples for our study. From the analysis of the magnetic topology (twist and writhe), we obtained the following results. i) Emerging beta-gamma-delta ARs can be classified into three topological types as "quasi-beta", "writhed" and "top-to-top". ii) Among them, the "writhed" and "top-to-top" types tend to show high flare activity. iii) As the signs of twist and writhe agree with each other in most cases of the "writhed" type (12 cases out of 13), we propose a magnetic model in which the emerging flux regions in a beta-gamma-delta AR are not separated but united as a single structure below the solar surface. iv) Almost all the "writhed"-type ARs have downward knotted structures in the mid portion of the magnetic flux tube. This, we believe, is the essential property of beta-gamma-delta ARs. v) The flare activity of beta-gamma-delta ARs is highly correlated not only with the sunspot area but also with the magnetic complexity. vi) We suggest that there is a possible scaling-law between the flare index and the maximum umbral area

Genomic prediction models for grain yield of spring bread wheat in diverse agro-ecological zones

Genomic and pedigree predictions for grain yield and agronomic traits were carried out using high density molecular data on a set of 803 spring wheat lines that were evaluated in 5 sites characterized by several environmental co-variables. Seven statistical models were tested using two random cross-validations schemes. Two other prediction problems were studied, namely predicting the lines’ performance at one site with another (pairwise-site) and at untested sites (leave-one-site-out). Grain yield ranged from 3.7 to 9.0 t ha−1 across sites. The best predictability was observed when genotypic and pedigree data were included in the models and their interaction with sites and the environmental co-variables. The leave-one-site-out increased average prediction accuracy over pairwise-site for all the traits, specifically from 0.27 to 0.36 for grain yield. Days to anthesis, maturity, and plant height predictions had high heritability and gave the highest accuracy for prediction models. Genomic and pedigree models coupled with environmental co-variables gave high prediction accuracy due to high genetic correlation between sites. This study provides an example of model prediction considering climate data along-with genomic and pedigree information. Such comprehensive models can be used to achieve rapid enhancement of wheat yield enhancement in current and future climate change scenario

Empty Urbanism: the bursting of the Spanish housing bubble

The depth of the Spanish housing crisis manifests itself in the collapse of construction activity and in the amount of housing and land stocks. The geography of the crisis shows its widespread nature, and the intensity of the previous bubble explains spatial differences. Resulting from this collapse are some problematic areas of 'empty urbanism'. An enormous land bubble, emerging from the peculiar Spanish urban development model, was a key factor in the impacts - caused by the crisis - on the territory and land-use plans. The crisis has demonstrated the unsustainability of this and the urgency of change in the existing land-use plans

Patchiness and Demographic Noise in Three Ecological Examples

Understanding the causes and effects of spatial aggregation is one of the most fundamental problems in ecology. Aggregation is an emergent phenomenon arising from the interactions between the individuals of the population, able to sense only -at most- local densities of their cohorts. Thus, taking into account the individual-level interactions and fluctuations is essential to reach a correct description of the population. Classic deterministic equations are suitable to describe some aspects of the population, but leave out features related to the stochasticity inherent to the discreteness of the individuals. Stochastic equations for the population do account for these fluctuation-generated effects by means of demographic noise terms but, owing to their complexity, they can be difficult (or, at times, impossible) to deal with. Even when they can be written in a simple form, they are still difficult to numerically integrate due to the presence of the "square-root" intrinsic noise. In this paper, we discuss a simple way to add the effect of demographic stochasticity to three classic, deterministic ecological examples where aggregation plays an important role. We study the resulting equations using a recently-introduced integration scheme especially devised to integrate numerically stochastic equations with demographic noise. Aimed at scrutinizing the ability of these stochastic examples to show aggregation, we find that the three systems not only show patchy configurations, but also undergo a phase transition belonging to the directed percolation universality class.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures. To appear in J. Stat. Phy